Dr. Sultan Muhammad Khan
Keywords;
Psychological foundations of
Curriculum, The Role of the Psychology in the formation of curriculum
development, The Role of the Psychology in the understanding of behavior of the
student, Psychology helps in the selection of methods of teaching, Psychology
helps in the selection of content of subjects, Psychological theories of
learning
1.
Foundations of Curriculum
Psychological foundations
Foundations are the forces that
influence the minds of curriculum developers.
In this way they affect the content
and structure of the curriculum. The five most important foundations of the curriculum
are;
2. Philosophical foundation of
Curriculum
3. Psychological foundations of
Curriculum
4. Socio Cultural Foundation of Curriculum
5. Historical Foundations of Curriculum
6. Economical Foundations of Curriculum
Psychological foundations
Psychological foundation is based on
the individual differences, every student has its own unique personality and
they have differences in their leering and skills. They are different in nature
so they can’t be treated alike in teaching learning process, some may be fast
learner while other slow. Therefore the curriculum should be based on the above
facts, and it should be design to support the capacity and potentialities of
all the students.
Psychology play a vital role in the
teaching learning process it is the foundation for all type of educational
related programmed. The methods of teaching, the selection of content of
subjects, the methods and theories of learning, the overall development of the
students and to inculcate the norms of the society in the students. Psychology
helps in all the processes above in the development process of the curriculum.
In the past curriculum for child
development and learning was developed in traditional ways without keeping in
view the psychological implication in the development of curriculum.
Today psychology is the core and
foundation element of all the learning processes; curriculum development, Child
mental development, teaching methods, learning theories, administration of
education system and planning, character building of the students, attitude of students and teacher, the
society, the use of different technologies.
Today the researchers and Scholars
using experimental approach to find new ways of teaching learning process, how
students learn under different conditions. They are finding new ways and
materials from the analysis of teaching learning problem and formulating new
approaches for teaching and learning process.
Psychology helps in all fields of
education, it not just add to knowledge, psychology is applied in practical
class room situation as well as in the curriculum development process by
defining teaching methods and origination of the
In the process of using psychology
in curriculum development process some positive concepts or ideas about
teaching learning process emerged, it is reflected in the work produced by
different authors.
• The traditional readiness concept
for a difficult subject which require children maturity has been rejected by
the modern researchers, now the researchers formed a new principle that the
child can teach any subject on the condition that it provided keeping in view
the principle of from simple to complex and that the students have the previous
experience.
• When the importance is given to
basic concepts and the process of inquiry for teaching learning and curriculum
development process the transfer of learning and future learning are improved.
• the guided discovery of the relationships in the student learning
outcomes, subject matter and in teaching methods play a very important role in
the teaching learning process compare to those approaches in which the
curriculum planner used the views and conclusions of other for developing curriculum.
- The Interest and motivation level of the students may be generated using the discovery method within the subject itself, the content of the subject should be interesting and appealing to generate curiosity in the students to find more. In this way the student engage in finding the relationships in the subject matter presented to him, and engage the students in the process of inquiry.
- Meaningful conversation involves the students in the organizing or structuring of facts into conceptual system which help the students to generate new ideas, make new interpretations and raise new questions.
- The researchers prefer the use of inductive methods because it helps in the discovery through inquiry and help in the formulating of hypotheses and interpretation of information.
- To study a topic in depth or more helpful in the discovering the relationships between them than try to cover the whole material in once.
- The Depth of learning could be attained by applying different ideas, processes, theories, and models.
- Learning is improved when there is relationship order in the continuity of unit to unit from simple to complex in the instruction programme.
- The solving of problems helps the students in acquiring the concept development, and how to use different principles which lead the students to a higher level of mental development.
- It put emphasis on the organizing of ideas which helps the students to develop the skills to identify the relationships, improves their skills, remembers and retrieves old ideas; it provides a foundation for generating new ideas and concepts, and helps in the transfer of learning.
Therefore it is said that the impact
of psychological sources on the foundations of curriculum is more than
significant and still on the rise. The scope of the psychology for applying in
curriculum construction and its principles, concepts, processes. The role of
psychology in the development of curriculum is vast and with each day it is
becoming increasingly more meaningful and unavoidable.
The purpose of psychology and
psychologist is the study of human behavior, the study of living being.
Investigate and explain the behavior of animate creatures. Therefore,
curriculum needs educational psychology to provide information particularly in
five areas:
• Prepare objectives of education.
- Characteristics of the students.
- The leaning processes.
- The methods of Teaching.
Read more articles about Foundations
of Curriculum
Psychological
foundations of Curriculum
Philosophical foundation of
Curriculum
Socio Cultural Foundation of
Curriculum
Historical Foundations of Curriculum
Economical Foundations of Curriculum
