Issues in Educational Administration

By Sultan 

HRM

•                     Types

•                     Human resource management

•                     Physical resources management

•                     Financial resources management

•                     Information technology (IT) or informative resource management

            According to the British Institute of Personnel Management :

            “Personnel Management can be defined as “that part of management which is concerned with people at work and with their relationship within an organization.”

•                     Resource Management

•                     “ In organizational studies, resource management is the efficient and effective deployment for an organization's resources when they are needed. Such resources may include financial resources, inventory, human skills, production resources, or information technology (IT)  “ Wikipedia

•                     *Now also called resource sharing

            According to American Management Association:

   Human Resource Management is that field of management which has to do with planning, organizing and controlling various operative functions of procuring, developing, maintaining and utilizing a work force in order that

•                     Relationship

•                     Resource management in education institutions

•                     Role of school administration in resource management in school Level

•                     Restructuring  of the resources and   management of educational organizations

•                     Shortage of teachers, especially local female teachers in certain rural areas.

•                     Importance of Resource Management in Schools

•                     To enhance the quality and quantity of education in school Level

•                     To improve the provision of resource inputs in schools

•                     Physical resources management

•                     (Problems face by administrator in education institute)

•                     schools lack physical facilities including buildings, furniture, mats and even very basic necessities like blackboard, chalk, and charts.

•                     Lack of schools building

•                     Lack of HR and teachers

•                     Lack of other resources water, Fan, Electricity

•                     Lack of labs 

•                     Lack of Play grounds

•                     School Canteen

•                     School Dispensary

•                     School Furniture

•                     Hostel

•                     Classroom 

•                     Staff Room

•                     Principal office

•                     School Hall

•                     School Furniture

•                     Hostel

•                     Class Room 

•                     Parking area for students and teachers.

•                     Washrooms (Toilets)

•                     Lawns and gardens

•                     transportation problem

•                     Suggestions

•                     Use the same school building and start second shift classes.

•                     use the same HR and other resources  to minimize cost and improve the salary of teachers to motivate them.

•                      sharing of  resources between schools

•                     Sharing of labs 

            SRIs in the school setting.

•                     At present in Pakistan, SRIs (School resource inputs)

   are inefficiently used or misused, even in some schools unused

•                     In budget 2009-10 speech in the National Assembly, the minister introduced four significant reforms for Improvement of education.

•                     Utilization of existing resources by educational institutions is one of them

•                     Optimal use of the resource inputs available in the institutions.

•                     Research in Pakistan

•                      Dahar, Iqbal & Faize (2010),

•                      Dahar, Faize, Niwaz, Hussain and Zaman (2010) research study show.

•                     “Both  studies concluded that the less provided SRIs are inefficiently and ineffectively used in the educational institutions”

•                     Recommendation of the study

•                     “The study concluded that practical laboratories (PLs) have positive and significant relationship with the academic achievement. Likewise, it is also concluded that if PLs are better provided and used efficiently and effectively, PLs may have larger effects.  It is also concluded that if the school basic facilities and instructional material are better provided and used efficiently and effectively, they may have larger effects”

•                     Decentralization of education

•                     The Local Government Ordinances

•                     2001 provide a way for the establishment of a three-tier local government system comprising districts,

•                     .

   Rehabilitate/up-grade physical facilities in existing primary schools.

•                     Institutional Reforms: Public/Private Partnership and Community Participation Programmes through:

•                     Restructuring and Strengthening of Education Foundation. Establishment of Village Education/School Management Committees and School Councils (making them legal entities).

•                     Devolution Plan for District based planning, management and monitoring.

Resource management efforts in Pakistan

•                     Resource management efforts by different governments.

•                     Plans were prepared and even some implemented but due to lack of interest and supervision  on the part of government the  desired results was not achieved.

•                     Schools function at places provided by the community free of charge.

•                     These may include public places, Mosques, community centers, buildings

•                     Computer literacy programme in government school in Evening shift

•                     Use the same school building and teachers for Evening shift classes

•                     Sharing of playground with other schools

•                     Financial resources management

•                     Buget Making

•                     Buget planning is the most important duty of the administrator because for this he need the vision to forecast the probable expenditure for the year. What school will need, how much amount will be required for that. It is one of the major problem in the educational administration.

•                     Internal Account

•                     Keep check and balance on the staff member to prevent any miss use of school funds

School Fees; School fee is the most important financial source of any school administrator, therefore he needs to address this issues seriously to improve the financial problem of the school.

Improve the quality of education in school will improve the enrolment of students in school, which will improve the collection of Fee

•                     Information technology (IT) or informative resource management

informative resource are also very important. Without proper informative resource no school can achieve his goals successfully. In Pakistan informative resource management is very serious problem for education administrator because of the financial restraint school administrators are not able to provide them in their schools. Some of the informative resources are;   

1.                  Resource Person

2.                  Library

3.                  Laboratory

4.                  Computer laboratory/internet

5.                  Instructional Material

            Visual Aids

            Audio Aids

            Audio-Visual Aids

6.                  The School diary,        Student diary,  Teacher diary, School Timetable

            School record

7.    Books,       Text Books,      Reference Books