Education

By Farzana Bukhari TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Definition of Neurophysiology and learning 2. Historical background 3. The nerve cell 4. Thy synapse........ All the or none principle.. 5. General structure of central nervous system ........ a. Parts of Brain............................. b. Four lobes of cerebral hemisphere............... c. Afferent and Efferent nerve tracts................... 6. Level of Arousal and the arousal system........... 7. Delays in nervous system and mediating process....... 8. Fatigue.................................. 9. The Autonomic nervous system............... 10. Neurological patents............................... 11. Consolidation of memory traces............. a. Types of memory with relation to time......... 12. Capacity, practice, motivation, understanding, transfer of learning and training, forgetting. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY OF LEARNING: Neuro Physiology. Neuro means nervous system, physiology means function. So neurophysiology means function of the nervous syste

BY Jehangir Shah 1. Introduction. The term gifted has been used traditionally to refer to people with intellectual gifts. Each culture defines giftedness in its own context. Ancient Greece honored the orators; Romans value the engineers and soldiers. In the united stated the early definition of giftedness was related to performance on the Stanford bidet intelligence scale. It was developed shortly after world war-I by Terman. According to him gifted children are those who are I.Q are 130 or 140. They would represent 2 or 3 % of the age group population. Stanford and other intelligence test showed that gifted children were developing more rapidly than their age mates. A child playing chess in not important but his playing chess seriously at age 5 is the matter of importance. Early rapid development is one of the clear indicators of high intellectual ability. One popular definition was proposed by the former U.S commissioner of education Sidney Marland in 1972, gifted and talented childr

by Sultan Muhammad Introduction Meaning and Historical background of Psychology: The word ‘Psychology’ is derived from Greek word Psycho and logos. Psycho’ means ‘Soul’ and ‘logos’ means ‘Science’, The Science of Soul. Psychology acquired separate status very recently. Formerly it was studied as a sub-branch of philosophy. Later on philosophers give another definition of psychology; the ‘science of mind’. All these definitions were given by philosophers-psychologists prior to the beginning of experimental psychology. Psychology as ‘Science of Behavior’ Today psychology is scientific methods of collecting data about individuals and groups to analyze and predict their behavior. Roots of Psychology The roots of Psychology could be traced back in philosophy and science. When physiologists of the late nineteenth century began to use scientific methods to study mind, later on Psychology became an independent scientific discipline. Scientific Roots of Psychology By nineteenth century, psychol

by Sultan Muhammad Functionalism is a theory of mind in contemporary philosophy, developed largely as an alternative to both the identity theory of mind and behaviourism. Its core idea is that mental states (beliefs, desires, being in pain, etc.) are constituted solely by their functional role — that is, they are causal relations to other mental states, sensory inputs, and behavioral outputs. Since mental states are identified by a functional role, they are said to be realized on multiple levels; in other words, they are able to be manifested in various systems, even perhaps computers, so long as the system performs the appropriate functions. While functionalism has its advantages, there have been several arguments against it, claiming that it is an insufficient account of the mind. Functionalism formed as a reaction to Titchener theory of structuralism. Titchener argue that such a f

Plato and Education by Sultan Muhammad Plato was the earliest most important Greek Philosopher and educational thinker. Plato thinks education as a key for a society and he stress on education, for this purpose he want to go to the extreme level even removing children from their mothers and rise them by the state, he want to identify the skills of the children and give them proper education for that particular skill which they have so they could be become a suitable member of the society and fulfil their duty in society. Plato want to a search for intelligent and gifted children in the whole society, Plato's don’t belief that talent belong to a limited class therefore he stress on education for all so the talented children get the chance to shine. Plato contributed a lot in the form of ideas and it inspired his follower to find new ways for education and training of the children. In fact Plato himself did not contribute directly to science and mathematics but he stress on t

30 Second Manager By Sultan Muhammad Review of the book 30 second manger is written by Faiez Seyal, it is a very good and interesting book. The main theme of this book is leadership that is highlighted from its title 30 second manger. The objectives of this review are n To review the book 30 second manager using the reviewing techniques. n To Provide a brief introduction of the author and his books . Author About the author, Faiez Seyal is a professional management consultant and authority on the philosophy of change. Faiez Seyal is the man who brings a positive to our society; he is the man of vision, who can see for beyond where no common man can see. He writes several books using his experience of life long, He is a well known public speaker and know for his life-changing seminars like " "Born Again", "The Road to Success", Six Discipline", "Change Your Lens, Change Your World", "30 Second Manager", etc This book has three main p